美加新环保条约
2011.10.16
下面摘自Marine Log, 8月份月刊社论: 川走美加二地船只从明年开始将迎来更多的环保条约. 在美,加和夏威夷郡岛200海里之内的 ECA区, 船只必需转用低磺燃油去减低 NOx 和 SOx 的排量否则将遭罚款
该条名为 North American Emission Control Area 简称 ECA. 的条约区将继续扩大, 到 2015年它将包括世界所有货箱船的九成航线.
Preparing for more regulation
There are three things that are certain: Death, taxes and continued environmental regulatory pressure on ship operators and owners.
One year from now, the North American Emissions Control Area-ECA will become enforceable. Within this 200 nautical miles ring that surrounds most of the U.S. and Canadian coastline and Hawaii islands, ships and vessels will have to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases-nitrous oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx) and tiny particulate matter. This will mean switching over to burning low sulfur fuel or employing after-treatment technologies such as exhaust gas scrubbers and selective catalytic converters (SCRs). As the emission standards tighten in 2016, ships and vessels would not have a choice but to employ after treatment systems.
Since the U.S. is the world’s largest consumer nation, the North American ECA is expected to impacting 50% of the world’s international containership traffic. And it is not going to get easier; By 2014, a U.S. Caribbean ECA surrounding Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin islands will come into force, making for five ECA’s worldwide. Singapore and Japan could be the next ECAs. By 2015, 90% of the world’s containership routes will involve transiting an ECA.
